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Vaccine coverage

Vaccines are a powerful tool for saving lives and improving health, but their power can be diluted by gaps in coverage. We study routine childhood immunizations to understand and address these gaps. 

Photo by Heather Hazzan for SELF magazine, Flickr.

15.6 million children missed routine vaccinations with three doses of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine from 2020 to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Over 99% of measles cases and deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries; all of these could be prevented by vaccination.
Coverage doubled globally for four major childhood vaccines between 1980 and 2023.

Key findings

While great progress was made toward vaccine coverage in the 1990s and early 2000s, that progress has stagnated in recent years

Coverage of the first dose of the measles vaccine declined between 2010 and 2019 for 100 of 204 countries and territories, with the largest decreases in the Latin America and the Caribbean super-region. This trend was amplified by coverage disruptions due to COVID-19, and only as of 2024 has vaccine coverage begun to return to pre-pandemic levels.

Line chart showing percent of children fully vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis in each super region according to IHME's Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) classification between 1980 and 2023. The chart indicates that the largest decline in vaccination coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Local interactive data visual

National coverage estimates mask critical subnational disparities challenging progress toward global immunization targets. Our subnational coverage data visual lets you explore local patterns of routine vaccination coverage for 100+ countries.

Preview of IHME's local and small area data visual focused on vaccine coverage